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The Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG) is a French and European spaceport near Kourou in French Guiana. Operational since 1968, it is particularly suitable as a location for a spaceport as it fulfills the two major geographical requirements of such a site: *it is quite close to the equator, so that the spinning earth can impart some extra velocity to the rockets for free when launched eastward, and *it has uninhabited territory (in this case, open sea) to the east, so that lower stages of rockets and debris from launch failures cannot fall on human habitations. The European Space Agency (ESA), the French space agency CNES (National Centre for Space Studies), and the commercial Arianespace company conduct launches from Kourou.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CNES at Europe's Spaceport )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ESA at Europe's Spaceport )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Arianespace at Europe's Spaceport )〕 This was the spaceport used by the ESA to send supplies to the International Space Station using the Automated Transfer Vehicle. The location was selected in 1964 to become the spaceport of France.〔〔 In 1975, France offered to share Kourou with ESA.〔("Installation of the Guiana Space Center in French Guiana" ). Guiana Space Centre official website〕〔("Europe's Spaceport" ). European Space Agency official website〕 Commercial launches are bought also by non-European companies. ESA pays two thirds of the spaceport's annual budget and has also financed the upgrades made during the development of the Ariane launchers. ==Facilities== Kourou is located approximately north of the equator, at a latitude of 5°10'. The near-equatorial launch location provides an advantage for launches to low-inclination (or geostationary) Earth orbits compared to launches from spaceports at higher latitude. For example, the eastward boost provided by the Earth's rotation is about at the Guiana Space Centre versus about at the United States east coast Cape Canaveral and Kennedy Space Center spaceports which are at 28°27′N latitude in Florida.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Satellite Programmes Overview - Launching Satellites )〕〔 〕 The proximity to the equator also makes maneuvering satellites for geosynchronous orbits simpler and less costly. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Guiana Space Centre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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